Lithium-iron battery is a primary battery, belongs to a kind of lithium battery.

It is a type of battery in the family of lithium batteries, where the positive electrode material is ferrous disulfide (FeS2), the negative electrode is lithium metal (Li), and the electrolyte is an organic solvent containing lithium salts.

Distinguished from secondary lithium iron batteries (lithium iron phosphate), lithium iron batteries are disposable batteries.

Lithium / iron disulfide battery is a new type of high-energy lithium battery, with light weight, high energy, high current discharge capacity and other characteristics. Stable discharge, long storage life, excellent safety performance, especially suitable for use in heavy load occasions, has gradually become the best power source for portable electronic products.

Summary

Lithium-iron batteries are primary batteries (non-rechargeable) and are a type of lithium battery.

The positive electrode of lithium-iron battery is ferrous disulfide (FeS2), and the negative electrode is lithium metal, and the battery is made by using winding method, and when discharging, the ferrous disulfide is reduced and the lithium metal is oxidized. Its energy density is about 297Wh/kg, the nominal voltage is 1.5V, the open circuit voltage of the new battery is nearly 1.8V, and the terminal voltage is about 1.5V when connected to the load, which is a low voltage lithium battery compared to other types of lithium batteries, and the widely used models in the market are AA type and AAA type. Compared with alkaline batteries and rechargeable batteries of the same type, Li/FeS2 batteries have obvious advantages in terms of low-temperature performance, high-current discharge capacity, and storage life, and the discharge voltage can be compatible with alkaline batteries in actual operation.

Lithium-iron batteries are different from the commonly known lithium iron batteries (LiFePO4). The full name of lithium iron battery is lithium iron phosphate battery, belongs to the secondary lithium ion battery (rechargeable).

Aluminum iron battery unit operating voltage of 1.2 - 1.5V.

Vantage

1, Compatible with 1.5V alkaline batteries, carbon batteries

2, Suitable for high current discharge.

3, Sufficient power, its actual discharge capacity exceeds that of all civilian primary or secondary batteries on the market.

4, The temperature range is much wider than other primary batteries, with excellent low temperature performance.

5, small size, light weight. Cylindrical or button cell batteries weigh only 70% of carbon batteries and 50% of alkaline batteries of the same type. For civilian residential sites, can save the cost of load-bearing reinforcement, further accelerate the construction of the site, “material saving” advantage is more obvious.

6, leakage performance is significantly better, excellent storage performance, can be stored for 10 years.

7, no use of harmful materials, no pollution of the environment.

Current situation

Based on a variety of advantages, lithium-iron batteries are often referred to as carbon batteries, alkaline batteries, the third generation of primary batteries, but in fact there is no obvious trend to replace the alkaline batteries, the relevant people believe that this is the cost and selling price constraints on the development of the reason.

For the cause of the high price of domestic lithium-iron batteries, manufacturers have done a special analysis, roughly summarized in the following areas.

1, the high price of raw materials and their special production environment and safety requirements: the primary reason for the high price of lithium-iron battery results is the use of lithium metal band for the negative electrode, much higher than the zinc paste alkaline batteries; lithium metal is an active element, and therefore the temperature and humidity in the production environment have higher requirements, not only to install dryers and air-conditioning equipment, but also to improve the wages of the staff on the post. Lithium-iron batteries active negative lithium metal, plus the electrolyte volatile, positive and diaphragm are combustible, these need to add the appropriate equipment to control, and these devices are carbon batteries and alkaline batteries are not in the production.

2, strong foreign dependence: equipment must be imported, due to fewer equipment manufacturers, foreign equipment vendors can ask for exorbitant prices, and equipment failures have to turn to them, in the maintenance process, the need for high-priced imports of equipment parts and to pay high maintenance costs. At the same time, the electrolyte actually rely on imports, its composition, formula is the manufacturer's trade secrets.

3, the loss of production, especially the high rate of scrap:Because of the high precision requirements of lithium-iron batteries, therefore, the choice of raw materials and artificial operation requirements are more stringent. Material on the second best and the use of unqualified raw materials, or human error operation will make the scrap rate appear or increase.

It is the above internal and external reasons led to the lithium-iron battery price is difficult to reduce. On the other hand, since 2006, the state of carbon batteries and alkaline batteries provide environmental standards, the existing alkaline batteries are mercury-free, which makes lithium-iron batteries to replace alkaline batteries lost environmental advantages.